Development Of Innovative Educational Methodologies

According to Hall (2005, pp188), â€Å"Insight into the educational, systemic and personal factors, which contribute to the culture of professions, can help guide the development of innovative educational methodologies to improve inter-professional collaborative practice.† IPE is integral in a healthcare environment, and serves to allow individuals within the healthcare profession to gain an appreciation for differing roles. Using the Kolb’s Learning Cycle (1984), I will chronologically reflect upon my experiences of IPE, considering concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualisation and active experimentation. After having exchanged pleasantries, individuals seemed coy and as theorised by Tuckman (1965), it was inherent that our team was in the forming stage of development within a small group. Polite and perfunctory conversation took place, which made it difficult to progress with the task in hand. Having worked as a member of teams in the past, it was pertinent to use what little time we had wisely and I felt it necessary to adopt the role of a team leader, akin to that theorised by the Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership ® model. Here, I styled my leadership in the manner of selling the task providing information and direction which, accompanied by communication from individuals in the team, would lead to the â€Å"sale† of the task and potential delegation of responsibilities and progression with it. However, there were barriers to progress in that; uponShow MoreRelatedElementary Secondary Education Act Of 1965 And Its Versions No Child Left Behind Act1488 Words   |  6 Pagesto construct education. Educational reform continues to be complex with ever changing politicians and platforms failing to have the time to create long lasting systematic changes but also not fully grasp educational challenges collectively. 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Pakistans Relationship with IMF and World Bank Essay

Pakistans Relationship with IMF and World Bank My topic deals with Pakistan, its relationship with the IMF and World Bank, and its internal problems that are causing unemployment, poverty, economic crisis and hunger. I shall be analyzing the situation using the neo-classical theory, as it is what the economists of the Pakistan government and the IMF are using to alleviate the economic instability of the country. Situated in the sub-continent, Pakistan is a low-income country, with great promise for growth. Unfortunately, it is held back from reaching middle-income status by chronic problems like a rapidly growing population, sizable government deficits, a heavy dependence on foreign aid, recurrent governmental instability†¦show more content†¦This is a great illustration of a theme discussed in â€Å"World Hunger, Twelve Myths.’ Lappe, Collins, Rosset and Esparza discuss the commonly believed myths about why hunger and poverty exist. In it they clarify this very important point: hunger does not exist due to a shortage of available food, but because of ‘fear’ and ‘powerlessness,’ resulting in the ‘anguish, grief and humiliation’ felt by the hungry and poverty stricken. Pakistan is a classic example of this theory. Based on a feudal system, especially in agriculture, Pakistani society is primarily controlled by feudal overlords, (a.k.a. the politicians or relatives of politicians), who own or oversee most of the agrarian land and industrial base. Being above the law, due to their political influence, these corrupt people can literally get away with murder. Thus, keeping their laborers subdued and underpaid is no hard task. Anyone who dares to complain is used as an ‘example’ for potential future unrest. As a result, the people in their ‘elakhas’, (controlled lands), remain destitute in the throes of poverty, unable to help themselves due to their lack of power and the fear of the ‘thekedars’, (large landowners). 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The Invention and History of Indian Film Essay Example For Students

The Invention and History of Indian Film Essay â€Å"The history of film cannot be credited to an individual. Each inventor added to the progress of other inventors, ending in progress for the entire art and industry. These achievements began with the creation of a machine that captured moving images that led to one of the most celebrated and unique art forms at the start of the 20th century.†- Brian Manley PRECONDTIONS FOR MOTION PICTURES Magic lantern, an early version of slide projector used to project images that used a lens which allowed the light to pass through the lens and the image was projected in a dark room. The inventor of this magic lantern is considered, a Dutch scientist Charles Huygens. This equipment was purely used to entertain people. The latter, when the Magic lantern, entered united states in mid-19th century it became very famous and popular all over the country. The concept of motion picture did not start until 1872. First still photograph was on a glass plate by Claude niepce in 1826 but it required an exposure time of eight hours. For years they used metal or a glass plate for capturing the images, but exposure took several minutes. In 1839, Henry Fox Talbot introduced the first negatives that was made out of papers and at the same time it became possible to print the images on the magic lantern and project. For making cinema they were in need of a film that can run through the camera rapidly, which wasn’t possible with the glass films, these glass films can be used only for a very short span. By 1888, George Eastman invented a still camera that took photographs on a roll of sensitized paper. He named the camera as Kodak. The succeeding year, Eastman introduced the transparent celluloid roll film, which was a great revolution in cinema. MAJOR PRECURSORS OF MOTION PICTURES Many inventors have made very important contributions to motion picture. In 1878 Ex-governor of California, Leland Stanford requested Eadweard Muybridge to find a way for photographing the running horses. He used twelve camera, each camera was connected with other camera by a string and exposure was set in one-thousandth of a second. Muybridge mounted the photograph on the phenakitoscope and projected them with the help of a magic lantern. Inspired by Muybridge, studies a French physiologist Étienne Jules Marey in 1882, studied the flight of birds and other rapid movements of the animals by the means of photographic guns, she used the round glass plates for capturing the images that made a rotation in one second. In the same year Marey built a box type camera that used a film strip that captured the images at the speed of 120 frames per second. AN INTERNATIONAL PROCESS OF INVENTION The contribution of motion pictures was primarily from the United States, Germany, England and France. Thomas Alva Edison, who invented electric light bulb decided to work on the motion picture. He and his assistant W.K.L Dickson worked on the project called phonography which worked by recording sound in the cylinder. He later decided to work on the motion picture. He was inspired by the work of Marey, so he and his assistant went to Paris saw the instrument and they started designing the equipment. Dickson got Eastman’s Kodak film. By 1891 Kinetograph camera and kinetograph viewing machine was ready and went for patenting. Dickson roughly cut the strip in the size of 35milimeter and punched four holes in both the sides of the frame so that toothed gears could pull them though the camera and kinetoscope viewing machine. It was the first time they used a 35mm film four perforations in each frame. The film was exposed for about forty-six frames per second which was much faster than an average camera. Edision and Dickson were in need of films before they can exploit them commercially. They constructed a small studio called Black Maria in Edison’s ground at New Jersey and they were ready for production by January 1893. The movie lasted for twenty seconds and that was the longest second, which the kientoscope can maximum hold of. Edison exploited his phonography by opening a parlor were people came in to listen songs by paying money. Same way he did it for the kinetosco pe by starting parlors in New York on April 14 1894. Soon he opened parlors in United States also. Mise en scene EssayThe beginning of 1940s also saw the emergence of Gemini studios which gave great hits like Nandhanaar and Chandralekha. Modern theater produced the first full length color film in Tamil. Film makers of high-repute of early Tamil industry were S.S.Vasan, M.K.Thyagaraja Bhavathar a popular singer-actor of early forties. In Andhra Pradesh it was the Surabhi Theater which featured in the first full length movies in Telugu. GENRE Genre began as a total classification system for ancient Greek literature. Genre became a powerful tool to help the public make sense out of random art. Genre is a category of literature or the other form of art or entertainment. By the end of silent era, many genre were established: the melodrama, the western, the horror film, comedies, and action-adventure films. Science fiction movies wasn’t popularized until 1950’s. FILM GENRE Genre had its origins in the eighteenth century, when the English novel gave a voice to romantic fantasies aimed at a female audience. Musical genre was introduced only when the talkies was inaugurated. Film genre helped to bring in the mood, plot, central narrative events, motives, styles, structures. Genres began to form as soon as film developed a narrative sense, as they moved quickly from simply showing things. When they began to tell stories the immediate types they thought of was: romances, melodramas, comedies. Film makers frequently played with conventions and iconography that remained unchanged for a very long period of time. The genres like thriller, comedy and romance stayed popular for a longer period of time. But comedies kept changing from time to time. The basic genre of film can be regarded as drama. Each film genre will have a sub-genres. Some of the common main film genres are Action, adventure, comedy, crime, fiction, fantasy, historical, horror, mystery, philosophical, political, romance, science fiction, and thriller. Political fiction is a sub-genre of fiction that deals with political affairs. Political fiction has often used narrative to provide commentary on political events, system and theories. Plot-driven Socio-political economic issues, portraying realistic characters, settings, life situations? Usually, they are not focused on special-effects. Dramatic films are probably the largest film genre, with many subsets. Bibliography: Film history, 3rd edition, Kristin Thompson David Bordwell, McGraw-Hill USA, 2009 History of film, Virginia wright wexman, ELSEVIER INDIA india, 2009 Film –An introduction, 8th edition, Kristin Thompson David Bordwell, Mcgraw-Hill College, December 2006 Oxford history of world cinema edited by Geoffrey Nowell- Smith, Oxford University press Inc., New York 1997 www.csa.com/discoveryguides/film/review.pdf by Brian Manley, July 2011

Logistics and Analysis of IGEHO 2011

Introduction IGEHO is an international exhibition for hotel catering and extra-domestic consumption that took place in Basel, Switzerland from the 19-23 November 2011. The event was meant for anyone who is professionally involved in the hotel industry. The IGEHO event offered innovations, a complete market overview of products and services and a setting in which to meet familiar faces.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Logistics and Analysis of IGEHO 2011 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Alongside hoteliers, the event acted as a meeting point for professionals from the facility management industry and the care sector (homes and hospitals). In addition to this, visitors to the event were able to acquire valuable specialist knowledge about trends in the hotel industry. Happening at a difficult economic climate, the event provided a good opportunity for stakeholders in the hotel industry to find the right partner in good time so as to be able to react successfully to changes within the industry. At a time when conserving energy is a priority for every organization, IGEHO provided participants information on energy efficiency for them to apply in the hotel industry. Additionally, the event gave participants who would like to invest money in the hotel industry in the future an opportunity to learn the basics of how to run their businesses. This was achieved through a lecture given on hall 2.2 with the theme â€Å"Atmosphere for the Hotel Guest: Focus on Women.† The choice of topic was based on the assumption that hotels are generally better tailored to the requirements of men than women. By placing the focus on women, the event organizers sought to give participants an answer to the question of how female hotel gusts differ from their male counterparts (IGEHO, 2011). Ideally, the event featured over 800 exhibitors displaying thousands of products, services, and innovations in the hotel ind ustry (Allen, 2010). This report looks at the logistical support for IGEHO to determine if the event was a success or not in relation to other events. The report also looks at the main suppliers (Butterworth, and Rukavina, 2002) during the event and gives a Gantt chart giving the schedule of the event. Logistical Support for the Igeho Event Events like IGEHO 2011 are leisure activities and work possibilities for people and logistical support is important if they are to be a success. Events bring people together and make them have a good time. They enhance the quality of people’s life by providing significant economic benefits and can also provide revenue for special projects. Regardless of size, events require a high degree of planning, a range of skills and a lot of energy.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Andersson and Wesslau (2000), when using events, companies get the possibility to have their own right to the consumer during the duration of the event. This means that if a company manages to get the consumer to attend the event, the distortion from the competitors will be gone or at least minimized during the duration of the event. Also, events such as IGEHO, which largely concentrates on the hotel industry contains tangible elements, such as food, beverages and other products sold or given away, but are essentially a service in that they consist of intangible experiences of finite duration within a temporary, managed atmosphere. As with all services, this experiential â€Å"product† is produced and consumed simultaneously, is highly heterogeneous and very difficult to store or control (Allen, 2010) hence the need for proper planning. Ticketing Ticketing an event such as IGEHO is an immensely complex task, involving thousands of tickets. Hence, ticketing is one of the most significant programs of mega events such as IGEH O 2011. The ticketing that regards customers becomes, directly and indirectly, a critical factor for the success of the event and, consequently, it must be set up and realized in more professional and coherent way with the context of which it is to be situated (Cherubini and Iasevoli, 2007). For IGEHO, the tickets were available from the event’s website www.igeho24.ch. Participants to the event were able to purchase their tickets online two months before the event kicked off. Selling tickets online provided convenience to the participants since they did not have to cue to obtain their tickets. Additionally, the event organizers were able to get good returns since they were selling their tickets directly to the public. The ability to purchase tickets at any time that suited them not only enabled the participants to make informed choices on the part of the event they wanted to attend but it also eased the pressure on the organizers phones consequently cutting their cost base si gnificantly. However, since not all participants to the event have access to internet connection, the organizers had booths in various countries where one could buy IGEHO tickets. These were available from the stands at the entrances of shopping malls and event venue. In addition, portions of the tickets were sent to special guests personally (IGEHO, 2011). Transportation On Saturday, November 19 and every other day of the event at 08.15 am, a special train would move from the city center to Basel SBB where the trade fair was being held. Participants were not charged for this ride since the event organizers met the cost. Throughout the day, the number of speed trains heading to the trade fair was increased to enable anyone who missed the special IGEHO train to get to the venue in good time.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Logistics and Analysis of IGEHO 2011 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The event organizers chose speed trains as the mode of transportation to the event to avoid traffic jams, which are inherent in Basel. The IGEHO organizers had also made a special arrangement with the RailAway Company to offer 10% discount on the outward and return journey to Basel SBB and on the transfer to the trade fair grounds for those who missed the IGEHO train. For those who did not wish to travel by rail, the organizers had contracted reliable bus companies and taxi operators to transport guests to the event and back. However, this was done at the guests’ own expense (IGEHO, 2011). Human Resources Human resource management is much more than recruitment and selection of staff and volunteers; it is a wide-ranging activity, involving the long-term strategic development of the event organization. The expected outcome of this is a positive culture of commitment and cooperation developed in the process of managing the work force (Wagen, 2007). In events, there are also the volunteers. They are representatives from the community who freely choose to give their time and skills to support club activities for no payment other than reimbursement for out of pocket expenses. Volunteers come from all age groups, educational backgrounds and genders (Cherubini and Iasevoli, 2007). People generally volunteer to have fun, socialize, learn new skills, help others, develop new friends, explore career opportunities etc. (Getz, 2007). Working with volunteers requires that their special contribution to the success of the event be acknowledged and shared. Working with volunteers requires consideration, flexibility and enthusiasm because volunteers often work for the ‘fun of it’ of for charitable purposes. Volunteers require just as much management and coordination as employees (Tassiopoulos, 2005). For the realization of the IGEHO 2011 event successfully, there was need for adequate, competent and well-qualified human resources to achieve the goals of the event. In this sense , the staff employed in the IGEHO Event consisted of the Swiss Hotel Industry personnel and organization company’s staff. These people had responsibilities from the beginning to the end of the event. In addition, during the staging of the event the personnel in charge were assigned to serve the participants and the audience. In the IGEHO 2011 event, a total of 38 employees were assigned including 13 employees in organization, 15 for stage setup and enter-exit controlling, 6 people in branding, 4 people in promotional and advertising business.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The personnel were trained people and were selected according to the job requirements. Volunteers were 33 people and students from various Swiss hotel industry institutions. The students were assigned to meet the needs of the audiences and provide the necessary assistance in the hall during the event. Two week training was given to the volunteers for the event (IGEHO, 2011). Marketing and PR In management of the events, public relations have two roles. On the one hand, it supports marketing activity in the form of promotions; on the other hand, it is also the tool that disseminates non-promotional information to other target publics that are important to the organization (Anderson, 2004). An event’s leading aim is to achieve positive coverage on the media for the event without paying for the space or air-time it occupies. Strong relationships with the key media and a range of innovative techniques and tools in order to evoke an attraction are important when trying to create t he desired media exposure (Masterman, 2004). In addition, media relations and publicity should be given a lot of attention. A well-planned publicity campaign should run alongside any advertising campaign. Ideally, this drive should be spread over the period of months, building up to a peak shortly before the event. Early warning allows potential participants and spectators to book the event in to their diaries and prevents potential clashes with rival attractions (Tassiopoulos, 2005). To promote the IGEHO 2011 event, various activities were organized in the city centre, in shopping malls and in hotels. Brochures and leaflets were distributed in areas of heavy pedestrian traffic (Berridge, 2007). In addition outdoor advertisements were done. Some attendants of IGEHO were determined by online voting by public people from the official web site of IGEHO www.igeho24.ch. By carrying out e-mail based subscription system of voting, the event participants also achieved the chance to win vari ous gifts. In addition, it was announced some surprise awards would be distributed to the lucky participants by drawing during the event. Wide coverage to reports on the subject was given in the local and national press, on web pages and official web site of IGEHO within the scope of public relations (IGEHO, 2011). The IGEHO organizers created a strong brand and visual image for the event that was withdrawn from IGEHO’s strong hotel industry background while at the same time creating a clean commercial look that would appeal to European investors where participants were drawn from. After developing a strong message – ‘Atmosphere for the Hotel Guest: Focus on Women’ the organizers formed a management team that focused on systematically developing a targeted participants list. The team then circulated targeted invitations to over 20,000 potential delegates. To market the event further, the organizers formed the IGEHO Forum where lively discussions about the event were held. These discussions were chaired by Heinz Margot a well-known Swiss television presenter and covered various industry topics (IGEHO, 2011). Additionally, the organizers also used social websites like twitter and facebook to promote the event (Wagen, 2005). Risk Management The goals of risk management (RM) in events like everywhere include the protection of assets, to minimize legal and financial liabilities, to control potential loss, properly manage growth, and to operate responsibility. Risk management recognized in varying degrees as a key component of the responsibilities associated with the planning and producing events. It is often perceived as a function that is carried out once an event has been conceived, designed, and organized. RM should be thoroughly embedded in the event design and throughout its development and production process to ensure the risks associated with the event are managed effectively and cost efficiently (Silvers, 2008). To reduce the risk s that may occur during staging of the event, the logistical team had ambulances and medical teams on standby before the start of the event. In addition, to ensure the security of the event professional security staffs were assigned. Event Participants Meeting, Receptions and Hospitality To welcome the participants in to the hall, controllers, routing attendant’s volunteers were supposed to meet the people and guide them. In order to provide employee communication, intercom, wireless radio and mobiles were used. Before the event, time audiences were taken in by ticket controlling on a regular basis. Entries were provided in to two different doors. Assigned people directed the audience to different booths by asking them what they wanted to learn. In the VIP entrance, the audiences were taken into the same way. Front part of the VIP gate was devoted to protocol. Private catering was treated for the VIP guests (IGEHO, 2011). Analysis of the Suppliers Needed Like any other big ev ent, the IGEHO organizers could not organize the event on their own and had to look for other suppliers to assist them in making the event a success (Butterworth, and Rukavina, 2002). Road Traffic Office Since the risk of road traffic accidents is higher in international visitors compared to local residents, the IGEHO organizers had collaborated with the Swiss Road Traffic Office (SRTO) to ensure that there were no accidents involving participants to the event. The highway patrol officers taking part in the event had been retrained and improvements in the secondary road network including lane widening and lane separation in dangerous ‘hot spots’ near the location of the event was carried out. The highway patrol officers created awareness among event participants on the side of the road they were supposed to drive, importance of wearing seatbelts, limiting the use of alcohol, and avoiding driving when tired. The officers were also required to give directions to motorists who did not know the venue for the event. Cabeza Cleaning Company In order to ensure that the city was kept clean during the duration of the event, the organizers contracted 326 street cleaners from Cabeza, a private cleaning company who manually removed approximately 20 tonnes of rubbish from city streets, which is twice the usual amount. Up to 5000kg of rubbish was removed from the IGEHO site and 197sq m of city footpaths and 8000 sq m of city roadways were cleaned three times a day, which is equivalent to approximately 180 football fields. In addition, there was a team of 12 anti-graffiti cleaners who were employed around the clock removing approximately 1300 instances of graffiti. G4S For any event to be successful, security of the participants has to be guaranteed. To ensure the security of participants at IGEHO, the organizers had contracted security firm G4S to manage crowds in areas where pedestrian volumes increase quickly. This included areas such as near transport interc hanges, station platforms, fairground exits, bridges, and ticket booths/ticket gates. During the event, G4S was supposed to provide security and stewarding duties as communication between the two types of staff is critical for the safe management of crowds. G4S had selected stewards with appropriate competencies and they had also received training in fire safety, emergency evacuation and dealing with incidents such as bomb threats. Two months before the start of IGEHO, G4S was already deeply involved in risk assessment and planning for the event. Working with the IGEHO staff, it participated in everything from security preparations and consultancy to the actual operations covering the whole 5-day event, starting on 19 November. Overall, G4S had provided 600 security officers to ensure the round-the-clock safety and security of the 80,000 visitors who descended on the Swiss city to take part in IGEHO 2011. ABB Group of Companies Although no incidents related to electrical hazards hav e been reported in any major event, there is always the potential of electricity causing death to workers, participants or members of the public due to the temporary nature of some installations. The supply of electricity may also present an issue in that lighting levels need to be maintained at an adequate level to help people evacuate. The IGEHO organizers had contracted the ABB Group of Companies to provide lighting at the event venue. This came from the need to provide generators in case of any power failure during the duration for the event. Table 1: Gantt chart giving the schedule of the event ACTIVITY SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER Week 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Committee Training Legislation Marketing PR Event Event Evaluation Table 2. Explanation of the Gantt chart Time Frame Schedule of Event Sep. Wk. 1-4 Formation of the committee, search for volunteers and hiring of staff Oct. W k. 1-2 Training of volunteers and staff who took part in the event Oct. Wk. 3-4 Procurement of the required licenses to ensure that the event complied with the Swiss law Oct. Wk. 2- Nov. Wk. 2 The four weeks were devoted to marketing and PR in the countries where participants were drawn from. Nov. Wk. 3 The date for the event Nov. Wk 4 Various committees’ hand in their reports for the event. The reports highlighted the challenges that every team met and gave recommendations of how this could be mitigated for an effective hosting of IGEHO 2012 Conclusion and Recommendations This paper has presented the findings of a study about the dimensions of event management and event marketing. This has been done by reviewing the literature for event management and event marketing and approaches of how this was applied in IGEHO. While most of the literature focuses on the entire event management, this paper focuses on the logistics of event management named ticketing, transport ation, human resources (volunteers and trained staff), budgeting, marketing and PR and risk management. The study illustrates that the event management logistics in the literature had been applied in to the 2011 edition of IGEHO organization and the event was successfully managed and marketed. The organization owners and the exhibitors have reached their objective and reached the number of people targeted. Recommendations Although most of the objectives for the event were realized, the report recommends the following for successful staging of future IGEHO events:- The planning committee should be formed early in advance to ensure that adequate time is accorded to the planning process The marketing and PR campaigns should run for a longer time to ensure that the participants surpass the 80,000 mark that the event organizers always target. The event organizers should pay more attention to the issue of public health and safety risks that are inherent in mass gatherings and how to mana ge those risks when planning for the next event since this was not handled properly in the previous event. References Allen, J. (2010) Event Planning Ethics and Etiquette: A Principled Approach to the Business of Special Event Management. New York, Wiley. Anderson, J. (2004) Teamwork: Interactive Tasks to Get Students Talking. New York, Delta. Andersson, M. and Wesslau, A. (2000). 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Human Resource Management for Events; Managing the Event  Workforce. Burlington, Butterworth-Heinemann. This report on Logistics and Analysis of IGEHO 2011 was written and submitted by user N1k0las to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.